英國勳銜制度的運作與拒絕榮譽的人們

This Order was founded by King George III in 1818 and is awarded to British subjects who have rendered extraordinary and important services abroad or in the Commonwealth. Ranks in the Order are Knight or Dame Grand Cross (GCMG), Knight or Dame Commander (KCMG or DCMG) and Companion (CMG).Jun 16, 2023
How does the honours system work?Published16 JuneShareclose panelShare pageCopy linkAbout sharingRelated TopicsPM’s resignation honoursImage source, ITVImage caption, Broadcaster Davina McCall is among those named in the King’s Birthday HonoursHonours have been awarded for the second week running. The King’s Birthday Honours list – which includes ex-footballer Ian Wright and broadcasters Ken Bruce and Davina McCall – follows that of former prime minister Boris Johnson.When are honours awarded?Most honours are awarded at New Year and on the monarch’s official birthday. Prime Minister’s Resignation Honours can also be awarded when a prime minister steps down. Two prime ministers – Boris Johnson and Liz Truss – resigned last year. Mr Johnson’s controversial list, released on 9 June, initially contained eight names that were rejected by the House of Lords Appointments Commission. Image source, EPAImage caption, Nadine Dorries said “sinister forces” stopped her from getting a House of Lords seatThe body did not say who the nominees were – or why they were not approved. However, Mr Johnson’s ally Nadine Dorries has claimed “sinister forces” stopped her from getting a peerage.Liz Truss’s resignation list is expected soon.There are also Dissolution Honours – typically for politicians – when Parliament ends before a general election.When a senior member of the Royal Family dies, Royal Victorian Order honours are awarded to people who served the family. How are people chosen for honours? The New Year or Birthday Honours are awarded by the King, following recommendations by the prime minister or senior government ministers.Members of the public can also recommend people for an award. These nominations typically make up about a quarter of all recommendations.These honours lists include awards for people who:have made significant achievements in public lifecommitted themselves to serving and helping BritainPrime minsters’ resignation or dissolution honours are decided by the prime minister and don’t go through the same process. The Foreign Office has responsibility for the Diplomatic Service and Overseas List. Honorary awards for foreign nationals are recommended by the foreign secretary. Are nominated people vetted? People in line for an honour are checked by the Honours and Appointments Secretariat, which is part of the Cabinet Office (a government department).The Cabinet Office has agreements with other government departments allowing it to access confidential information about nominees.For example, there is an agreement with HM Revenue and Customs to give a low, medium or high risk rating to nominee’s tax affairs.Peerages are vetted by the House of Lords Appointments Commission. A Parliamentary and Political Services Committee considers honours for politicians and for political service.In recent years, political donations made by some nominees have received scrutiny. Can you turn down an honour? When somebody is informally approved for an honour they are sent a letter asking if they will accept it.A list of 277 people who turned down honours between 1951 and 1999, and who had since died, was made public following a BBC Freedom of Information request. It included authors Roald Dahl, JG Ballard and Aldous Huxley, and the painters Francis Bacon, Lucien Freud and LS Lowry.Others reported to have turned down an honour more recently include David Bowie, Nigella Lawson, Dawn French and Jennifer Saunders.No Sir! Who’s turned down an honour?Some people