什麼是心臟苷類藥物？
心臟苷類藥物是一種可以幫助某些心臟疾病患者的藥物。它們以片劑、液體或膠囊形式服用，通常每天固定時間服用一次。
心臟苷類藥物的作用機制
心臟苷類藥物通過抑制細胞膜對鈉的排出，增加細胞內鈉的含量。這樣可以使細胞中的鈣更多地積聚起來。當細胞釋放鈣時，會產生更強的心肌收縮。這導致心臟每次跳動時泵送更多的血液，即心輸出量增加。這可以增加心臟泵送的總血液量，稱為心輸出量。
更強的心肌收縮和更好的心輸出量有助於心臟衰竭患者。
這些藥物還可以減慢控制心跳的房室結（AV結）的電信號。這減慢了心率，也可以幫助心臟衰竭患者，特別是如果他們還有其他心臟問題，如心房顫動。
心臟苷類藥物的例子
心臟苷類藥物的例子包括地高辛（Cardoxin®和Lanoxin®），洋地黃和洋地黃素。它們來自毛地黃植物，也就是它們得名的地方。其他心臟苷類藥物還包括毒毛地黃苷、蟾毒素和魚藤毒甙。地高辛是最常被開立的心臟苷類藥物。
誰需要使用心臟苷類藥物？
如果其他首選藥物對於心臟衰竭或某些心律不整的患者無效，他們可能需要服用心臟苷類藥物。心臟苷類藥物不再是首選藥物。新的、更好的藥物已取代心臟苷類藥物成為首選藥物。
醫療保健提供者首先會開立以下藥物：
– β-阻斷劑
– 血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制剂
– 利尿药
– 血管紧张素受体拮抗剂
提供者首選這些藥物，因為它們是安全且副作用較輕的藥物。與30年前相比，提供者開立心臟苷類藥物的頻率大大降低。
心臟苷類藥物過量可能會有風險。然而，對於特定患者來說，這些藥物可能提供足夠的益處，因此值得冒這個風險。全球估計有30%的心房顫動患者正在服用心臟苷類藥物。
心臟苷類藥物的用途
心臟苷類藥物可以幫助心臟肌肉收縮更強。它們還可以減慢心臟在某些心臟疾病下的跳動速度。
研究人員正在探索使用心臟苷類藥物來阻止多種癌細胞的增殖。如果研究證明這一方法有效，它將對各種癌症產生影響，為許多人提供新的治療方式。
心臟苷類藥物的治療領域
心臟苷類藥物用於治療以下心臟問題：
– 心臟衰竭。200年來，醫療保健提供者一直使用地高辛治療心臟衰竭。
– 心房顫動。50多年來，醫療保健提供者一直開立地高辛治療心房顫動。
哪種心臟苷類藥物用於心臟衰竭？
對於心臟衰竭患者，醫療保健提供者會開立地高辛，特別是如果你同時還有心房顫動。它不是單獨治療心臟衰竭的首選治療方法。
折疊內容
Cardiac glycosides examples include digoxin (Cardoxin® and Lanoxin®), digitalis and digitoxin. They come from the digitalis (foxglove) plant, which is where they get their names. Other cardiac glycoside drugs include oleandrin, bufalin and ouabain. Digoxin is the most commonly prescribed cardiac glycoside.Dec 8, 2022
Overview
Risks / Benefits
Recovery and Outlook
When to Call the Doctor
Cardiac Glycosides
Overview
Risks / Benefits
Recovery and Outlook
When to Call the Doctor
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Overview
What are cardiac glycosides?
Cardiac glycosides are medicines that can help people with certain heart conditions. You take them as either a tablet, liquid or capsule. People usually take it once a day at the same time of day.
How cardiac glycosides work
Cardiac glycosides work by inhibiting (holding back) cell membranes from pumping sodium out. This increases the amount of sodium that stays in your cells. This allows more calcium to build up in the cells. When your cells release the calcium, it creates stronger heart muscle contractions. This leads to a higher stroke volume, meaning your heart pumps more blood with each heartbeat. This can increase the total amount of blood your heart pumps, which is called the cardiac output.
Having stronger heart muscle contractions and better cardiac output helps people with heart failure.
These medications also can slow down electrical signals in the atrioventricular (AV) node that controls your heartbeat. This slows down your heart rate, which can also help people with heart failure, especially if they have other heart problems such as atrial fibrillation.
What are examples of cardiac glycosides?
Cardiac glycosides examples include digoxin (Cardoxin® and Lanoxin®), digitalis and digitoxin. They come from the digitalis (foxglove) plant, which is where they get their names. Other cardiac glycoside drugs include oleandrin, bufalin and ouabain. Digoxin is the most commonly prescribed cardiac glycoside.
Who needs to have cardiac glycosides?
People with heart failure or certain arrhythmias may need to take cardiac glycosides if other medicines they tried first didn’t work for them. Cardiac glycosides aren’t first-line (first choice) medicines anymore. Newer and better drugs have replaced cardiac glycosides as first-line medicines.
Medicines your healthcare provider will prescribe first include:
Beta-blockers.
ACE inhibitors.
Diuretics.
ARBs.
Providers prescribe these first because they’re safer drugs with milder side effects. Providers prescribe cardiac glycosides much less often than they did 30 years ago.
There’s a risk of having too much of a cardiac glycoside in your system. However, these medicines may provide enough benefit to be worth the risk for certain people. An estimated 30% of people across the world who have atrial fibrillation are taking this medicine.
What are cardiac glycosides used for?
Cardiac glycosides are medicines that help your heart muscle have stronger contractions. They also slow down how quickly your heart beats when you have certain heart conditions.
Researchers are exploring the use of cardiac glycosides to keep several types of cancer cells from multiplying. If research proves that this can work, it can have an impact on various kinds of cancer. It could provide new treatments for many people.
What do cardiac glycosides treat?
Cardiac glycosides treat several heart issues:
Heart failure. Healthcare providers have used digoxin for heart failure for 200 years.
Atrial fibrillation. Providers have prescribed digoxin for atrial fibrillation for more than 50 years.
Which cardiac glycoside is used in heart failure?
Healthcare providers prescribe digoxin for heart failure, especially if you also have atrial fibrillation. It’s not the first-line treatment of heart failure alone.
Read More: What are examples of cardiac glycosides?